Preliminary Investigation of Risk Factors for Food Allergies in the Pediatric Population: Observations from a Survey Utilizing a Simplified Questionnaire in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia

Authors

Natalia Erica Jahja, Department of Pediatrics, Petrokimia Gresik Hospital, Gresik, Indonesia
Zahrah Hikmah, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga; Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Azwin Mengindra Putera, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga; Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Anang Endaryanto, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga; Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
I Gusti Agung Made Adnyanya Putra2, Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Sri Pramesthi Wisnu Bowo Negoro, Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Ketut Putu Yasa, Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana; Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah Central General Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia
Jeffrey Jeswant Dillon, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Institut Jantung Negara, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Hermanto Tri Joewono, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia ; Indonesian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Muhammad Adrianes Bachnas, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia; Indonesian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Brahmana Askandar Tjokroprawiro, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia ; Indonesian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

ORCID ID

Natalia Erica Jahja: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9634-8493, Zahrah Hikmah: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-9856, Azwin Mengindra Putera: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8698-720X, Anang Endaryanto: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7988-2274

Abstract

Highlights: 1. A questionnaire, comprising various risk factors associated with food allergies, is anticipated to provide reliable indications for determining the necessity of restrictive diets for patients within primary healthcare settings. 2. Over time, the findings of this study can facilitate the development of a streamlined and cost-effective diagnostic tool, which will be particularly beneficial in remote regions due to its practical and efficient means of identifying food allergies. Abstract In Gresik, Indonesia, limited resources have led to challenges in accurately diagnosing food allergies. This study aimed to identify risk factors for food allergies among children in Gresik using a questionnaire-based approach. The study's ultimate goal was to develop a simple diagnostic tool in primary healthcare settings. Conducted at Petrokimia Gresik Hospital, this cross-sectional study enrolled children aged ≥6 months experiencing respiratory symptoms or atopic dermatitis for ≥1 week. The subjects (n = 247) underwent a two- to four-week restrictive diet for diagnostic purposes. The questionnaire demonstrated validity and reliability. Bivariate statistical analyses were performed to examine the correlations between risk factors and the incidence of food allergies (p < 0.05). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to establish the cut-off values for the number of food allergies and atopic family members. The majority of the 247 children enrolled in this study were 6 to 12 years old. Respiratory symptoms (56.3%) were more common than atopic dermatitis (38.1%). The significant risk factors for food allergies included atopic dermatitis (p = 0.001; R = 0.203), previous history of suspected food allergies (p < 0.001; R = 0.747), and atopy in the family (p = 0.013; R = 0.157). The ROC curve analysis established the cut-off values for the number of atopic family members at 1.5 (p = 0.005; 95% CI 0.53-0.67) and the number of food allergies at 0.5 (p = 0.000; 95% CI 0.85-0.94). In conclusion, children are considered at risk of food allergies if they display persistent respiratory symptoms or atopic dermatitis, considering the history of suspected food allergies even to only one specific type of food.

Keywords

Food allergy, atopic dermatitis, chronic respiratory diseases, questionnaire, health risks

First Page

61

Last Page

68

DOI

10.20473/fmi.v60i1.53175

Publication Date

3-10-2024

Recommended Citation

Jahja, Natalia Erica; Hikmah, Zahrah; Putera, Azwin Mengindra; Endaryanto, Anang; Putra2, I Gusti Agung Made Adnyanya; Negoro, Sri Pramesthi Wisnu Bowo; Yasa, Ketut Putu; Dillon, Jeffrey Jeswant; Joewono, Hermanto Tri; Bachnas, Muhammad Adrianes; and Tjokroprawiro, Brahmana Askandar (2024) "Preliminary Investigation of Risk Factors for Food Allergies in the Pediatric Population: Observations from a Survey Utilizing a Simplified Questionnaire in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia," Folia Medica Indonesiana: Vol. 60: No. 1, Article 9.
DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v60i1.53175
Available at: https://scholarly.unair.ac.id/fk-fmi/vol60/iss1/9